feat(site-finder): gate verdict aggregator — can-build-MKD signal (#32 G5 sub-PR 1/2)

Pure-function aggregator collapses nspd_zoning / nspd_zouit_overlaps /
nspd_engineering_nearby / nspd_dump в один GateVerdict TypedDict.

Logic:
- ПЗЗ не Ж-* → BLOCKER
- ЗОУИТ sub=17 (инжен. охранная) → BLOCKER
- Другие ЗОУИТ → WARNING
- Нет инжен. сетей в 200м → WARNING
- nspd_dump stale → source: nspd_dump_partial
- Нет dump → can_build_mkd: 'unknown'

Integration: новое поле gate_verdict в analyze_parcel response.

Tests: 15/15 pass (mock-based).

Vault: code/modules/Module_Gate_Verdict.md NEW.

Closes #140 (sub-PR 2 frontend закроет #32)

backend/app/api/v1/parcels.py

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ from app.services.site_finder.cadastre_fetch import (
 from app.services.site_finder.cadastre_fetch import (
     fetch_status as _fetch_status,
 )
+from app.services.site_finder.gate_verdict import compute_gate_verdict
 from app.services.site_finder.quarter_dump_lookup import (
     get_quarter_dump_data,
     make_empty_result,
@@ -1870,6 +1871,13 @@ def analyze_parcel(
         "nspd_zouit_overlaps": nspd_dump_data["nspd_zouit_overlaps"],
         "nspd_engineering_nearby": nspd_dump_data["nspd_engineering_nearby"],
         "nspd_dump": nspd_dump_data["nspd_dump"],
+        # #32 G5: gate verdict — can-build-MKD aggregated signal for UI banner
+        "gate_verdict": compute_gate_verdict(
+            nspd_zoning=nspd_dump_data["nspd_zoning"],
+            nspd_zouit_overlaps=nspd_dump_data["nspd_zouit_overlaps"],
+            nspd_engineering_nearby=nspd_dump_data["nspd_engineering_nearby"],
+            nspd_dump=nspd_dump_data["nspd_dump"],
+        ),
         # #114: кастомные веса POI — source + applied dict для прозрачности.
         "weights_profile": {
             "source": _weights_source,

backend/app/services/site_finder/gate_verdict.py

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+"""Gate Verdict aggregator — собирает can-build-MKD signal из NSPD lookups.
+
+Per #32 G5: user-facing answer на главный вопрос девелопера "Можно ли тут МКД?"
+Foundation: nspd_zoning, nspd_zouit_overlaps, nspd_engineering_nearby (Sprint 1.1).
+Pure function — no DB dependencies, consumes already-fetched data from analyze_parcel.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Literal, TypedDict
+
+# ── Zone matching ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Residential zone codes — точные ПЗЗ Свердловска (Ж-1..Ж-5)
+RESIDENTIAL_ZONE_PREFIXES = ("Ж-", "Ж1", "Ж2", "Ж3", "Ж4", "Ж5")
+# Fallback по zone_name (lowercase substring)
+RESIDENTIAL_KEYWORDS = ("жил",)
+
+# ── ЗОУИТ taxonomy ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Subcategory codes которые блокируют МКД (охранные зоны ЛЭП/газа/трубопровода)
+BLOCKER_SUBCATEGORIES: dict[int, str] = {
+    17: "Инженерные коммуникации (охранная зона ЛЭП/газа/трубопровода)",
+}
+
+# Engineering nearby search radius (метры) — совпадает с quarter_dump_lookup.py
+ENGINEERING_NEARBY_THRESHOLD_M = 200
+
+
+# ── TypedDicts ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class Blocker(TypedDict):
+    code: str
+    detail: str
+
+
+class Warning(TypedDict):
+    code: str
+    detail: str
+
+
+class GateVerdict(TypedDict):
+    can_build_mkd: bool | Literal["unknown"]
+    verdict_label: str  # "Можно" | "Нельзя" | "С ограничениями" | "Нужна проверка"
+    blockers: list[Blocker]
+    warnings: list[Warning]
+    checks_performed: list[str]
+    source: Literal["nspd_dump", "nspd_dump_partial", "no_data"]
+
+
+# ── Helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def is_residential_zone(zone_code: str | None, zone_name: str | None) -> bool:
+    """Check if ПЗЗ zone permits residential (МКД) building.
+
+    Checks zone_code prefix first (exact ПЗЗ codes), then zone_name lowercase
+    substring match as fallback for non-standard zone labels.
+    """
+    if zone_code:
+        if any(zone_code.startswith(p) for p in RESIDENTIAL_ZONE_PREFIXES):
+            return True
+    if zone_name:
+        zn_lower = zone_name.lower()
+        if any(kw in zn_lower for kw in RESIDENTIAL_KEYWORDS):
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+# ── Main aggregator ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def compute_gate_verdict(
+    nspd_zoning: dict | None,
+    nspd_zouit_overlaps: list[dict] | None,
+    nspd_engineering_nearby: list[dict] | None,
+    nspd_dump: dict | None,
+) -> GateVerdict:
+    """Aggregate NSPD lookups into can-build-MKD verdict.
+
+    Checks performed (in order):
+    1. ПЗЗ residential zone match (blocker if non-residential)
+    2. ЗОУИТ subcategory 17 overlap (blocker); other subcategories → warnings
+    3. Engineering nearby presence check (warning-only, not a blocker)
+
+    Returns GateVerdict с blockers/warnings/checks_performed и source label.
+    """
+    blockers: list[Blocker] = []
+    warnings: list[Warning] = []
+    checks: list[str] = []
+
+    # Guard: no NSPD data at all
+    dump_available = (nspd_dump or {}).get("available", False)
+    dump_stale = (nspd_dump or {}).get("stale", False)
+    if not dump_available:
+        return GateVerdict(
+            can_build_mkd="unknown",
+            verdict_label="Нужна проверка",
+            blockers=[],
+            warnings=[
+                Warning(
+                    code="NO_NSPD_DUMP",
+                    detail="Данные NSPD ещё не подгружены",
+                )
+            ],
+            checks_performed=[],
+            source="no_data",
+        )
+
+    source: Literal["nspd_dump", "nspd_dump_partial"] = (
+        "nspd_dump_partial" if dump_stale else "nspd_dump"
+    )
+
+    # Check 1 — ПЗЗ residential zone
+    checks.append("ПЗЗ зональность")
+    if nspd_zoning:
+        if not is_residential_zone(nspd_zoning.get("zone_code"), nspd_zoning.get("zone_name")):
+            zone_label = (
+                nspd_zoning.get("zone_name") or nspd_zoning.get("zone_code") or "неизвестна"
+            )
+            blockers.append(
+                Blocker(
+                    code="PZZ_NOT_RESIDENTIAL",
+                    detail=f"Зона: {zone_label}",
+                )
+            )
+    else:
+        warnings.append(
+            Warning(
+                code="PZZ_UNKNOWN",
+                detail="ПЗЗ зона не определена",
+            )
+        )
+
+    # Check 2 — ЗОУИТ overlaps
+    checks.append("ЗОУИТ пересечения")
+    for overlap in nspd_zouit_overlaps or []:
+        sub = overlap.get("subcategory")
+        if isinstance(sub, int) and sub in BLOCKER_SUBCATEGORIES:
+            blockers.append(
+                Blocker(
+                    code=f"ZOUIT_OVERLAP_SUB{sub}",
+                    detail=f"{BLOCKER_SUBCATEGORIES[sub]}: {overlap.get('name', '')}",
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            warnings.append(
+                Warning(
+                    code=f"ZOUIT_SUB{sub if sub is not None else 'unknown'}",
+                    detail=f"ЗОУИТ {overlap.get('layer', '')}: {overlap.get('name', '')}",
+                )
+            )
+
+    # Check 3 — Engineering nearby (warning only, not a blocker)
+    checks.append(f"Инженерные сети в радиусе {ENGINEERING_NEARBY_THRESHOLD_M}м")
+    if not (nspd_engineering_nearby or []):
+        warnings.append(
+            Warning(
+                code="NO_ENGINEERING_NEARBY",
+                detail=f"Сетей не найдено в радиусе {ENGINEERING_NEARBY_THRESHOLD_M}м",
+            )
+        )
+
+    # Final verdict
+    can_build: bool | Literal["unknown"]
+    if blockers:
+        can_build = False
+        label = "Нельзя"
+    elif warnings:
+        can_build = True
+        label = "С ограничениями"
+    else:
+        can_build = True
+        label = "Можно"
+
+    return GateVerdict(
+        can_build_mkd=can_build,
+        verdict_label=label,
+        blockers=blockers,
+        warnings=warnings,
+        checks_performed=checks,
+        source=source,
+    )

backend/tests/test_gate_verdict.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+"""Tests for gate_verdict aggregator — pure function, no DB."""
+
+from app.services.site_finder.gate_verdict import compute_gate_verdict, is_residential_zone
+
+# ── is_residential_zone unit tests ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_residential_zone_code_zh2():
+    assert is_residential_zone("Ж-2", None) is True
+
+
+def test_residential_zone_code_zh5():
+    assert is_residential_zone("Ж5", None) is True
+
+
+def test_residential_zone_name_fallback():
+    assert is_residential_zone(None, "Жилая зона смешанной застройки") is True
+
+
+def test_non_residential_zone_code():
+    assert is_residential_zone("П-1", "Производственная П-1") is False
+
+
+def test_non_residential_zone_recreation():
+    assert is_residential_zone("Р-2", "Рекреационная Р-2") is False
+
+
+# ── compute_gate_verdict ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def test_no_dump_returns_unknown():
+    """Если nspd_dump отсутствует или available=False → unknown + no_data."""
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(None, None, None, None)
+    assert verdict["can_build_mkd"] == "unknown"
+    assert verdict["source"] == "no_data"
+    assert verdict["verdict_label"] == "Нужна проверка"
+    assert any(w["code"] == "NO_NSPD_DUMP" for w in verdict["warnings"])
+    assert verdict["checks_performed"] == []
+
+
+def test_no_dump_available_false():
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(None, None, None, {"available": False})
+    assert verdict["can_build_mkd"] == "unknown"
+    assert verdict["source"] == "no_data"
+
+
+def test_residential_zone_no_overlaps_can_build():
+    """Жилая зона + нет ЗОУИТ + есть сети → Можно."""
+    nspd_zoning = {"zone_code": "Ж-2", "zone_name": "Жилая зона Ж-2"}
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(nspd_zoning, [], [{"name": "ТП-5"}], {"available": True})
+    assert verdict["can_build_mkd"] is True
+    assert verdict["verdict_label"] == "Можно"
+    assert verdict["blockers"] == []
+    assert verdict["source"] == "nspd_dump"
+
+
+def test_production_zone_blocks():
+    """Производственная зона → blocker PZZ_NOT_RESIDENTIAL → Нельзя."""
+    nspd_zoning = {"zone_code": "П-1", "zone_name": "Производственная П-1"}
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(nspd_zoning, [], [], {"available": True})
+    assert verdict["can_build_mkd"] is False
+    assert verdict["verdict_label"] == "Нельзя"
+    assert any(b["code"] == "PZZ_NOT_RESIDENTIAL" for b in verdict["blockers"])
+
+
+def test_zouit_subcategory_17_blocks():
+    """ЗОУИТ subcategory=17 (охранная зона ЛЭП) блокирует даже жилую зону."""
+    nspd_zoning = {"zone_code": "Ж-3", "zone_name": "Жилая"}
+    overlaps = [{"subcategory": 17, "name": "ЛЭП 110кВ", "layer": "37578"}]
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(nspd_zoning, overlaps, [], {"available": True})
+    assert verdict["can_build_mkd"] is False
+    assert any("ZOUIT_OVERLAP_SUB17" == b["code"] for b in verdict["blockers"])
+    assert "ЛЭП 110кВ" in verdict["blockers"][0]["detail"]
+
+
+def test_zouit_non_blocker_subcategory_is_warning():
+    """ЗОУИТ с subcategory != 17 → warning, не blocker."""
+    nspd_zoning = {"zone_code": "Ж-2", "zone_name": "Жилая"}
+    overlaps = [{"subcategory": 5, "name": "Придорожная полоса", "layer": "12345"}]
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(nspd_zoning, overlaps, [{"name": "ТП-1"}], {"available": True})
+    assert verdict["can_build_mkd"] is True
+    assert verdict["verdict_label"] == "С ограничениями"
+    assert any("ZOUIT_SUB5" == w["code"] for w in verdict["warnings"])
+    assert verdict["blockers"] == []
+
+
+def test_no_engineering_warning_not_blocker():
+    """Отсутствие инженерных сетей в 200м — предупреждение, не блокер."""
+    nspd_zoning = {"zone_code": "Ж-2", "zone_name": "Жилая"}
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(nspd_zoning, [], [], {"available": True})
+    assert verdict["can_build_mkd"] is True  # warnings не блокируют
+    assert any(w["code"] == "NO_ENGINEERING_NEARBY" for w in verdict["warnings"])
+    assert verdict["blockers"] == []
+
+
+def test_stale_dump_marks_source_partial():
+    """stale=True → source='nspd_dump_partial'."""
+    nspd_zoning = {"zone_code": "Ж-1", "zone_name": "Жилая"}
+    dump = {"available": True, "stale": True}
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(nspd_zoning, [], [{"name": "ТП-3"}], dump)
+    assert verdict["source"] == "nspd_dump_partial"
+
+
+def test_checks_performed_list():
+    """checks_performed содержит все 3 проверки при наличии данных."""
+    nspd_zoning = {"zone_code": "Ж-1", "zone_name": "Жилая"}
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(nspd_zoning, [], [], {"available": True})
+    assert len(verdict["checks_performed"]) == 3
+    assert "ПЗЗ зональность" in verdict["checks_performed"]
+    assert "ЗОУИТ пересечения" in verdict["checks_performed"]
+
+
+def test_pzz_unknown_warning_when_no_zoning():
+    """Если nspd_zoning=None при наличии dump — PZZ_UNKNOWN warning."""
+    verdict = compute_gate_verdict(None, [], [{"name": "ТП-1"}], {"available": True})
+    assert any(w["code"] == "PZZ_UNKNOWN" for w in verdict["warnings"])
+    assert verdict["can_build_mkd"] is True